Green Toad is one of the most polytopic amphibians of the Palearctic. It is more tolerant to dry conditions than many amphibians. It inhabits both wet swampy areas as well as dry deserts of different types. In the forest zone, the species tends to live in open areas and bushlands, often far away from water bodies as well as the shores of irrigation ditches and lakes. Green Toad is active mainly in the twilight and at night and spends the daytime in hiding places. During reproduction, toads are active in daytime. It is typical and distributed everywhere in the country (up to 2000 m above sea-level).
   This beautiful toad ranges up to 9 cm length. The pupil of the eye is horizontal.The tympanic membrane and male guttural resonator are present. Dorsal skin is tuberculate, grayish or olive with green or olive spots and red or red-orange points on the flanks. The belly is grayish.
   This frog enters the water in reproduction period only. Spawning occurs in a diverse range of water bodies including ponds, swamps, stream- and river pools, reservoirs, ditches and puddles, as rule not deeper than 50 cm.The clutch contains 2000-30000 eggs arranged in 1-2 rows. The spawn is deposited in two strings of 2-7 m length. Metamprphosis occurs from spring through the summer. Pond shores may be covered with thousands of toadlets which disperse. Sometimes migrating toadlets form large groups moving as a large band. Maximum longevity - 7-10 years. Toadpoles consume detritus and algae and move towards the shore in daytime and to greater depths in the evening.
   Adults eat mainly crawling invertebrates, including spiders, beetles etc. The majority of toads do not feed during their breeding migrations.
Green Toad finishes off numerous harmful insects and is considered as useful animal.

GREEN TOAD
(Bufo viridis)
In large view