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Green
Toad is one of the most polytopic amphibians of the Palearctic. It is
more tolerant to dry conditions than many amphibians. It inhabits both
wet swampy areas as well as dry deserts of different types. In the forest
zone, the species tends to live in open areas and bushlands, often far
away from water bodies as well as the shores of irrigation ditches and
lakes. Green Toad is active mainly in the twilight and at night and
spends the daytime in hiding places. During reproduction, toads are
active in daytime. It is typical and distributed everywhere in the country
(up to 2000 m above sea-level).
This beautiful toad ranges
up to 9 cm length. The pupil of the eye is horizontal.The tympanic membrane
and male guttural resonator are present. Dorsal skin is tuberculate,
grayish or olive with green or olive spots and red or red-orange points
on the flanks. The belly is grayish.
This frog enters the
water in reproduction period only. Spawning occurs in a diverse range
of water bodies including ponds, swamps, stream- and river pools, reservoirs,
ditches and puddles, as rule not deeper than 50 cm.The clutch contains
2000-30000 eggs arranged in 1-2 rows. The spawn is deposited in two
strings of 2-7 m length. Metamprphosis occurs from spring through the
summer. Pond shores may be covered with thousands of toadlets which
disperse. Sometimes migrating toadlets form large groups moving as a
large band. Maximum longevity - 7-10 years. Toadpoles consume detritus
and algae and move towards the shore in daytime and to greater depths
in the evening.
Adults eat mainly crawling
invertebrates, including spiders, beetles etc. The majority of toads
do not feed during their breeding migrations.
Green Toad finishes off numerous harmful insects and is considered as
useful animal.
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