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The
Smooth Newt is associated with wood habitat. One of the most eurytopic
amphibians. It often occurs in various anthropogenic landscapes, such
as parcs, gardens, fields etc. Widely distributed in the country (up
to 1400 m above sea-level).
This is a small newt. Skin smooth or slightly granular.
Head with 5 dark longitudinal stripes, one of which passes along the
eye and is always visible. Dorsal and lateral surfaces brownish, gray-brownish,
yellow-brownish or olive grey. Belly light-yellow to orange with dark
points or spots. In contrast to the female, the male
has a notched middorsal crest and wide webs on hind legs that are well
developed during the breeding season. At that time, light-bluish longitudinal
bands appear on the lateral surfaces of the male's tail and sometimes
on the body. Smooth newt's size could reach 6 - 8 cm.
Spawning as well as embryonic and larval development,
usually occurs in small ponds, lakes, puddles and ditches with stagnant
or semi-flowing water.
The Smooth Newt spends most of the time on land. It
returns to water bodies for reproduction in spring or autumn. Reproduction
starts in the aquatic environment. The clutch consists
of about 60 - 300 eggs, which are deposited singly or in small groups,
and the eggs are wrapped in leafs of aquatic plants by the female. Just
after hatching larvae live on their endogenous yolk, the switch to eating
microcrustaceans.
During subsequent development, the food spectrum widens
to include larger prey, primarily aquatic molluscs and insects. Adults
prey on invertebrates of the same orders as large-sized larvae. Main
predators of larvae seem to be insects, while many vertebrates eat juveniles
and adults. Cannibalism, mainly in the form of oophagy at the nesting
sites, is well-known. The oophagy is more typical for females, because
they spend more time in the sites of egg deposition.
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